Sunday, February 17, 2013

The Purpose of this Blog - Introducing the Four Ss

First off, let's be clear...if you are a corporate travel manager, or an account manager for a travel agency, or a travel supplier representative, you are not reporting all the value you are creating for the company you are servicing.  And by not doing so, you are at least hindering, if not outright hurting, your program and potentially your own career prospects.

Traditionally, the metrics reported by corporate travel programs are limited to the amount the company spends on travel, some level of savings generated by the program (although typically far-from-comprehensive totals), and, in some cases, periodic traveler satisfaction scores. A well-managed travel program, however, creates value far beyond these basic metrics. Unfortunately, not many take the effort to quantify this expanded value proposition, and in not doing so, they expose their programs to some significant challenges that can be easily avoided.

If you're a corporate travel manager, is your department simply seen as a cost center? Has your firm ever imposed a "travel freeze"?  Do you spend too much time addressing anecdotal service issues? If so, you haven't communicated the total value of your program.

If you work for a travel agency that supplies corporate travel services, have you ever lost a client because a competitor offered a transaction price a couple of dollars cheaper than yours? Has a departing client ever justified leaving by saying "it is just time for a change"? If so, you haven't communicated the total value you can create for a company's travel program.

If you work for an airline, hotel, car rental firm or other travel provider, have you lost business to competitors based solely on small price variations? Are you seen as a commodity by your clients, easily replaced?  If so, you haven't communicate the total value you can create for a company's travel program. 

The purpose of this blog is identify how to identify and track all the value created by and for well-managed corporate travel programs. Most entries will focus on one metric at a time. However, they will be categorized using a more-expansive view of value creation than is typically used in corporate travel today. We have four primary categories of value:
  1. SAVINGS: these metrics compare your program's performance to a) what the cost would be with no program in place, and b) the changes in your program's performance over time.
  2. SERVICE: these metrics track the quality of the experience various stakeholders have with the travel program. Typically thought of through a traveler-centric lens (e.g. traveler satisfaction, SLAs, phone performance); we expand the focus to include line manager, senior management, supplier, and other stakeholder interactions with the program.
  3. SAFETY: these metrics track how safe and productive travelers are when on the road for the company. Individual-level, corporate-level, and global-level risk-exposure and management are all considered. These measurements are critical to meeting Duty of Care requirements, and for ensuring that travelers are treated and cared for appropriately.
  4. SUSTAINABILITY: a growing concern for many companies, these metrics measure the environmental impact of travel programs. 
These are the four primary categories of value. In later posts we will discuss HOW to use the results of these metrics to enhance the value of your program to the company and how to use them to change behavior to meet your program objectives. But for now...just start tracking. 

And remember...if you don't measure it, you can't manage it. 







# 3: Travelers Alert Index

Metric Type                                                      Level
     SAVINGS: Possible                                        MASTER
     SERVICE: No                                                 ADVANCED
     SAFETY: Yes                                                BASIC
     SUSTAINABILITY: No

Description
Tracking and reaching travelers in potentially dangerous situations is key to addressing a company's Duty of Care responsibilities. 

While many companies have these components in place, and do in fact reach out to and assist travelers as events warrant, not many have metrics in place to measure the ongoing effectiveness of these efforts. Without tracking, companies a) have no idea how well they are servicing travelers in need and meeting Duty of Care requirements--either for a singular event or over time, and b) get little-to-no credit (outside the immediate parties involved in the situation) for delivering this valuable service. 

Establishing a basic metric here only requires two components: a capable and willing travel agency, and a tool/system that tracks global events that could negatively affect travelers.

Formula

Travelers Alert Index (TAI) = Total number of travelers in high-alert regions / Total number of travelers
  • In Q3, we had 80 travelers in areas where a Level 4 or 5 safety alert was issued. Globally in Q3 we had 425 total travelers. The formula for TAI is 80/425 = 19%.
    Last year for the same quarter, our TAI was 30/415 = 7%.
    This significant increase is primarily a result of increased travel to County X. 
       
Usage
This metric is used to evaluate, over time, changes in the percentage of travelers operating in potentially dangerous areas. As this percentage increases, it may require further actions on the firm's part to put in place further processes (ex: pre-approval of these types of trips), services (ex: repatriation services), and tools (ex: enhanced insurance coverage) to address changing needs. 

This type of metric is easily understood by non-travel professionals.

Saturday, February 9, 2013

# 2 Car Rental Contract Value


Metric Type                                                      Level
     SAVINGSYes                                                MASTER
     SERVICE: No                                                   ADVANCED
     SAFETY: No                                                     BASIC
     SUSTAINABILITY: No

Description
When you have a contract with a car rental agency that offers special corporate rates, calculating the value of the contract savings may require multiple calculations and a few grains of salt here and there.

Formula
Corporate Rate Paid (with surcharges and fees) - Next Lowest Alternative Rate (with same) x number of rental days = Contracted Rate Savings

  • For example, a three day car rental cost $45 per day plus $3 per day city surcharge for a total of $144. The benchmark rate for a similar class of car at the same time was $49 per day plus a $5 daily city surcharge for a total of $162. The contract savings for this rental is $18. 

Many car rental companies offer a discount off of 'best rate of day' which protects you should prices drop below your contracted rate. The calculation noted above still applies here.

Alternate Formula
It must be noted that the above metric can be time-consuming to calculate (since you have to look at every rental or at least have your travel agency note a savings amount in each record for easier reporting). An alternative method is to identify at the point of contracting what the average savings per rental would be (assuming volumes and trends remain consistent). There is a three-step process, which is quite quick to perform, once these assumptions have been made.

  1. (Total Rental Spend x Percent of Rentals at Corporate Rate) / (1-Average Corporate Rate Savings %) x Average  Corporate Rate Savings % = Total Savings from Corporate Rate
  2. (Total Rental Spend x Percent of Rentals at 'Best Rate of Day')  / (1-Average 'Best Rate of Day' Savings% ) x Average 'Best Rate of Day' Savings %  = Total Saving from 'Best Rate of Day' discount
  3. Total Savings from Corporate Rate + Total Savings from 'Best Rate of Day' discount = Total Contract Savings
For example, let's say your company has spent $500,000 over the last year on car rentals. Based on conversations with your car rental rep, you estimate that 90% of these rentals were booked at the corporate rate (which you estimate at 7% less than what you would have paid without the discount) with the rest getting the 'Best Rate of Day' discount (which you saved 5% on based on your agreement). Using the steps outlined above, we find:

  1. ($500,000 x 90%) / (1-7%) x 7% = $33,871 in Corporate Rate Savings
  2. ($500,000 x 10%) / (1-5%) x 5% = $2,632 in 'Best Rate of Day' Savings
  3. $33,871 + $2,632 = $36,503 in Total Contract Value

Bonus Formula
You may wish to take this one step further and calculate your Net Effective Discount using the following formula:

  • Total Savings / (Total Spend + Total Savings) = Net Effective Discount
  • $36,503 / ($500,000+$36,503) = 6.8% Net Effective Discount

Usage
This Contract Savings figure can be used as a snapshot measurement (e.g. how much did we save last quarter) and as a trend metric showing variations in savings performance over time (e.g. are travelers more compliant, is this year's deal better than last year's, etc.).

The Net Effective Discount can be used as described above, plus it is a useful metric for benchmarking with other companies whose actual spend and savings totals will vary from yours.

This type of metric is usually understood by non-travel professionals.

Caveat

  1. This metric measures contract value only. In the above example, there may have been an alternate car rental, from another car rental agency perhaps, priced between the corporate rate and the standard rate. The true contract value may be somewhat less than calculated here, but tracking to this level is quite impractical. With explanation, most executives accept contract value as a valid savings metric.
  2. Where you get your data is critical here. In most companies, travelers will book car rentals either through the preferred travel agency, direct with the car rental agency, or both. Relying on travel agency data reporting my shortchange your savings. Use the car rental agency reports for more accurate tracking.



#1 Airline Fare Contract Value

Metric Type                                                      Level
     SAVINGS: Yes                                                MASTER
     SERVICE: No                                                   ADVANCED
     SAFETY: No                                                     BASIC
     SUSTAINABILITY: No

Description
When you have an airline deal that offers a point-of-sale discount, it is relatively easy to calculate the value of the contract discount savings.

Formula
Fare paid / (1-Discount %) – Fare paid = Contract Value

For example, a flight that was flown at $900 after the 10% discount generates $100 in contract value ($900 / (1-10%) - $900 = $100).

In the fondly remembered past, many airlines offered market-wide discounts (e.g. 15% off all fares all the time). Calculating the contract value was quick and easy. Today, unless you manage a truly market-moving amount of air volume (> $100M), the growing sophistication of reporting systems are driving discounts that are segmented depending upon fare basis codes and city pair routings. Calculating the contract value today means breaking down your airline flight data into fare basis buckets, applying the formula above where the discounts apply, accommodating any variances by city pair, and summing up the savings.  I suggest requesting a savings summary from the carrier to match against the data provided by your TMC to validate the savings totals. Some variability is expected, but variances of more than 5% for the same time frames need further analyses.

Usage
This savings figure can be used as a snapshot measurement (e.g. how much did we save last quarter) and as a trend metric showing variations in savings performance over time (e.g. are travelers more compliant, is this year's deal better than last year's, etc.).

This type of metric is very easily understood by non-travel professionals.

Caveat
This metric measures contract value only. In the above example, there may have been an alternate flight, on another carrier perhaps, priced at $950. The discounted fare of $900 is still the cheapest, but the true “savings” in this instance could be considered $50 (for the closest alternative to the fare chosen).  This level of granularity is difficult to measure without a lot of manual coding at the point-of-sale by the travel agents and/or going through an extensive fare audit from a third party provider.  With explanation, most executives accept contract value as a valid savings metric.